Symptoms and diagnosis
Pain with walking or stairs, stiffness, swelling and reduced motion are common. Weight-bearing radiographs help assess severity, compartment involvement and alignment.
Non-operative treatment
Treatment may include activity modification, strengthening and aerobic exercise, weight management, appropriate analgesia and selected injections.
Joint-preservation surgery
In selected younger patients with compartment-specific disease and malalignment, high tibial osteotomy may redistribute load and delay arthroplasty.
When is knee replacement considered?
Replacement is considered when pain and functional limitation substantially affect daily life despite appropriate non-operative treatment, with examination and imaging supporting the diagnosis.
The decision is not based on X-rays alone
Severe radiographic arthritis can coexist with manageable symptoms. Surgery should be guided by the individual patient rather than imaging alone.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does severe arthritis on X-ray mean I need surgery?
Not necessarily. Symptoms, function and response to conservative treatment are central to the decision.
Can knee replacement be delayed?
Yes, when symptoms remain acceptable and there is no urgent indication, treatment can continue with follow-up as needed.
Individualized Care
Treatment recommendations depend on symptoms, examination, imaging, activity demands and patient goals rather than any single test result.